Abstract
In order to study effects of the size, the stiffness of foundation, and the applied load on the thickness of compressed zone and the settlement of raft foundations, this paper analyze methods of settlement calculation such as the method of summation of partial settlements, the method of elastic layer of finite thickness, and the finite element method with the PLAXIS 3D software. Effects of the size of foundation are considered with many areas of foundation such as 150 m2, 338 m2, 600 m2, 938 m2, 1350 m2, 1838 m2, and 2400 m2; and effects of the applied load of the upper structure are considered with many values of 150 kN/m2, 200 kN/m2, and 250 kN/m2. There are remarkable differences between settlements calculated by the analytical methods and ones simulated by PLAXIS 3D. From the analysis and evaluation of calculated results, this paper proposes a suitable method to determine the thickness of compressed zone, as well as the method of calculation of settlement for raft foundations.
Highlights
Settlement of raft foundations can be calculated by the method of summation of partial settlements, or the method of elastic layer of finite thickness for the specific cases of soil condition [1]
If the compressed zone includes a soil layer which its modulus of deformation is smaller than 10MPa, or below this zone if there is a soil layer which its modulus of deformation is smaller than 10MPa and its thickness is more than 5m, the settlement is calculated by the method of summation of partial settlements, otherwise it can be calculated by the method of elastic layer of finite thickness
The settlements calculated by the method of summation of partial settlements with the compressed zone determined by the condition of σz = 0, and the settlements calculated by Dalmatov's method are the same; the difference between these calculated settlements and Plaxis 3D simulation results varies from 8% to 19%
Summary
Settlement of raft foundations can be calculated by the method of summation of partial settlements, or the method of elastic layer of finite thickness for the specific cases of soil condition [1]. For the cases of large size foundation the average settlement of foundation must be considered by calculating the settlement at different positions of foundation. For the method of elastic layer of finite thickness, the settlement results of the foundation mainly depends on the thickness of compressed zone which can be effected by the size of the foundation, the applied load of upper buildings, and the soil condition [1], [2], [3]. The thickness of the compressed zone calculated by these methods can results in very large differences. This paper analyse a suitable way of determining the thickness of compressed zone
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