Abstract
目的探讨成人原发免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)患者血小板特异性自身抗体种类(GPⅡb/Ⅲa、GPⅠbα)及类型(IgG、IgM)对地塞米松疗效的影响。方法185例ITP患者纳入研究,男61例,女124例,中位年龄42(18~83)岁。其中新诊断ITP 117例,持续性ITP 35例,慢性ITP 33例。入组患者接受地塞米松(40 mg/d×4 d)治疗,稳定后逐渐减量至5~10 mg/d维持3~4周。采用改良单克隆抗体俘获血小板抗原(MAIPA)法检测患者特异性自身抗体种类及类型,分析抗体种类及类型与地塞米松疗效的相关性。结果①按抗体类型分组:IgG组:单一抗GPⅡb/Ⅲa抗体阳性、单一抗GPⅠbα抗体阳性、双抗体阳性、双抗体阴性患者治疗有效率分别为87.5%、50.0%、68.0%、72.3%,四组间抗体种类比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.489,P=0.009)。IgM组:单一抗GPⅡb/Ⅲa抗体阳性、单一抗GPIbα抗体阳性、双抗体阳性、双抗体阴性患者有效率分别为82.1%、71.4%、61.9%、68.9%,四组间抗体种类比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.719,P=0.437)。②按抗体种类分组:抗GPⅠbα组:单一IgG抗体阳性、单一IgM抗体阳性、IgG+IgM双抗体阳性、IgG+IgM双抗体阴性患者有效率分别为52.4%、59.1%、76.5%、77.9%,抗体类型在四组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.811,P=0.013)。抗GPⅡb/Ⅲa组:单一IgG抗体阳性、单一IgM抗体阳性、IgG+IgM双抗体阳性、IgG+IgM双抗体阴性患者治疗有效率分别为73.3%、71.0%、78.6%、66.3%,四组间抗体类型比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.374,P=0.719)。结论血小板特异性自身抗体为GPⅠbα-IgG型的成人ITP患者对大剂量地塞米松冲击治疗的治疗反应较差。
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