Study on the pathogenesis of primary immune thrombocytopenia in children

Abstract

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is the most common hemorrhagic disease in childhood, and immunological abnormality is the most common cause of this disease.Humoral immune abnormalities are the major cause of ITP, involving platelet, platelet membrane surface glycoproteins associated antibodies, impaired Breg cells and upregulation of platelet Toll like receptors.Cellular immune abnormalities include the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells results in increased inhibitory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-2, interferon-α, tumor necrosis factor-β], IL-17 and Th17 cells in patients with chronic ITP are higher than those in control group, and Treg decline is also common seen in ITP.Increased expression of apoptosis related genes Bak and Bax are also the cause of chronic ITP.Helicobacter pylori is an important cause of chronic ITP, which can be eased in some cases but not effective in new diagnosed cases.Vaccination can lead to ITP, repeated vaccines are applied usually in 3-6 months after the onset. Key words: Immune thrombocytopenia, primary; Humoral immunity; Child