Abstract
Modeling was performed on the base of the DH system located in Omsk, Russia, where the DH network temperature requirements are not met and design outdoor temperature of extreme -37°C is. Surveyed investment in a transmission line to avoid penalties on disturbances is projected to have an original supply temperature of 150°C and is denoted as Case-1. The second idea (Case-2) envisages installing a heat pump and increasing the supply temperature in peak load periods during the heating season. The third option is to use of in-room terminal systems to provide heating to individual zones. Case-4 assumes maintaining an ordinary DH network without using any energy-efficient alternative and significant repair which means that the system continuous working ‘as is’. The fifth option introduces low temperature district heating (LTDH) concept featuring a low supply temperature and smart control. To sum up, this research indicates location of a heat pump and also shows how the piping system will be offset to allow the normal operation. This study presents a framework to represent, aggregate, dynamic thermal model and modernize a DH system based on a high-level equation-based simulation software and a five-option feasibility study.
Highlights
Kuprys & Gatautis [1] reported Government support for multi-storey residential buildings’ renovation project in Lithuania
There is even a concept of low-temperature district heating (LTDH), or 4th generation district heating which involve a lot of scholars
In Ref. [4] for a LTDH, design supply temperature is from 65 to 75°C, and the return temperature is fixed at 35°C
Summary
Kuprys & Gatautis [1] reported Government support for multi-storey residential buildings’ renovation project in Lithuania. Retrofitting to electricity is an efficient auxiliary heating solution in Scandinavian countries [3] Such a renovated system may operate at lower supply temperature levels as more low-energy buildings are constructed. [21], the statespace model, an efficiently quantitative method, is applied to estimate the state probabilities of a repairable heat distribution network under different outdoor temperature. The second idea (Case-2) envisages the possibility of increasing the supply temperature in peak load periods during the heating season to limit a size of a heat pump. Another option is to use a heat pump for domestic hot water (DHW) supply, refer to Fig. 1. The scheme of energy supply method in line with LTDH concept is described in Case-5
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