Abstract
The hydraulic fracturing technology is widely used in the forefront of engineering and production, the mechanisms of hydraulic fracturing crack initiation and propagating are the core content of hydraulic fracturing research. We explain the tensile mechanism of rock under the hydraulic effect, give the two forms of the crack initial water pressure (total stress and effective stress expression) in detail. From the results of theoretical analysis, experiment and numerical simulation we discriminate the mechanisms of hydraulic fracturing crack propagating, which show that cracks are distributed in the minimum principal stress plane under different stress situations. Furthermore, the injection rate is an important influencing factor. The study is valuable to the engineering design of hydraulic fracturing.
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