Abstract
The durability against wet-dry (w-d) cycles is an important parameter for the service life design of solidified permeable reactive barrier (PRB) waste. This study introduces the potential use of cement, fly ash, and carbide slag (CFC) for the stabilization/solidification (S/S) of PRB waste. In this study, solidified PRB waste was subjected to different w-d cycles ranging in times from 0 to 10. By analyzing the mass loss, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), initial resistivity (IR), and the leaching concentration under different durability conditions, the results demonstrate that these variables increased and then tended to decrease with the number of w-d cycles. The UCS of contaminated soil is significantly correlated with IR. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses indicate that the hydration products calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and ettringite (AFt) are the main reasons for the enhancement of the UCS. However, the increase in concentration leads to a decrease in hydration products and the compactness of solidified soil, which has negative effects for the UCS and the leaching ion concentration. In general, the durability exhibited by the PRB waste treated with S/S in this paper was satisfactory. This study can provide theoretical guidance for practical engineering applications.
Highlights
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is caused by the oxidation of sulfide minerals after being exposed to oxygen and water, which remains a serious environmental challenge for the mining industry [1,2]
Numerous studies have been conducted by various experts and scholars on the safe disposal of manganese associated with acid mine drainage [2,4,5]
It is evident from the figure that the strength of the FCCR tends to rise with the number of w-d cycles, reaching a peak at the seventh w-d cycle
Summary
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is caused by the oxidation of sulfide minerals after being exposed to oxygen and water, which remains a serious environmental challenge for the mining industry [1,2]. Manganese is a major contaminant in AMD. Numerous studies have been conducted by various experts and scholars on the safe disposal of manganese associated with acid mine drainage [2,4,5]. Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) technology is the most visible and influential [6,7]. PRBs can be used as removable, semipermanent, or permanent devices [8]. PRBs can eliminate heavy metal ions found in acid mine drainage to a tune of more than 95% [9,10]
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