Study on the meat isotopic composition for origin identification

Irina Chernukha,Zoya Yurchak,Elena Kuzmina

doi:10.5219/906

Abstract

Russian consumer and governmental authorities are equally concerned to know where food products come from. This requires more accurate and specialized methods for the evaluation of geographical location. The following methods are used: chemometrics, histological and histochemical, genomic and proteomic, microbiological, immunochemical and mass spectrometric. Method of stable isotope analysis is becoming increasingly promising nowadays for the identification of meat and meat products' place of origin. The isotope ratios of the four elements - carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, are mainly determined. The method is successfully used to identify a country of origin of wines, juices and water. The aim of the research was to study the stable isotope ratios for pork and beef samples purchased in Moscow supermarkets (Russian Federation). The country of production of meat samples was determined according to specifications and/or labels. The geography of countries of meat samples origin includes Europe, both America continents and Australia. Databases collected by the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of the Brewing, Non-Alcoholic and Wine Industrywere used for the analysis and interpretation of the results. Values of 13Ð¡/12Ð¡, δ13Ð¡, 18О/16О, δ18О, 2Ð/1Ð, δ2Ð for 30 pork and beef samples from 13 countries were obtained. Differences in stable isotope ratios were found depending on place of origin. The data correlated with the oxygen isotope characteristics for wine, which were in the range from 2.5 to 4.5 ppm. According to the 13Ð¡/12Ð¡, δ13Ð¡ results, the assumption was made about a false indication of the region for the beef sample. Despite the fact that beef was labeled as a product of Lithuania, the region of origin was most probably defined as Germany. The studies carried out showed the possibility to identify the region of raw meat origin by the stable isotope ratio.

Highlights

Nowadays, intentional fraud and falsificationof foods cause concerns of the governments in many countries of the world as they can create a threat to the health safety of the population and lead to a certain economic losses
The aim of the research was to study the stable isotope ratios for pork and beef samples purchased in Moscow supermarkets (Russian Federation)
The data correlated with the oxygen isotope characteristics for wine, which were in the range from 2.5 to 4.5 ppm

Summary

Introduction

Intentional fraud and falsificationof foods cause concerns of the governments in many countries of the world as they can create a threat to the health safety of the population and lead to a certain economic losses. Modern analytical physico-chemical and microbiological methods of investigation allow establishing food origin with a certain precision. As a rule, these methods are directed towards revealing a relationship between the analyzed samples and the indicators that characterize one or another region. These methods are directed towards revealing a relationship between the analyzed samples and the indicators that characterize one or another region These indicators include the quantity or ratio of micro-, macro-elements, heavy metals, radioelements, stable isotopes, comparison of DNA (Lo and Shaw, 2018; Kawaguchi et al, 2018), microflora of a sample (Nguen et al, 2008) and a reference. The similar research was performed earlier on fresh fruit from Europe, Asia, Africa and America regarding the content of Ca, Mg, K, Na, P, Co, Mn, Fe, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu (Grembecka and Szefer, 2013)

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