Abstract
The relocation of chemical enterprises along the Yangtze River a necessary means of ecological protection in the Yangtze River Basin. Vulnerability assessment provides a new idea for the study of livelihood ability and compensation standard of employees after relocation. Based on the framework of “Exposure-Sensitivity-Adaptability” proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the survey data of 410 employees of relocation enterprises in the Hubei Province of the Yangtze River Basin, this study firstly constructs a livelihood vulnerability evaluation index system and evaluation model, and analyzes whether the employees of relocation enterprises have the ability to cope with the risk impact brought by the Yangtze River Ecological Restoration policy. Then, we use multiple linear regression model to explore the relationship between the group’s exposure, sensitivity, adaptability and livelihood vulnerability. Finally, we design a new compensation standard calculation method for special groups from the perspective of social cost, to alleviate their livelihood vulnerability and provide a theoretical basis and decision support for the government and enterprises to formulate and implement relevant resettlement standards. The results show that: (1) employees of all ages show a certain degree of vulnerability in their livelihood; (2) there are differences in livelihood vulnerability between male and female employees; (3) compared with other positions, the livelihood vulnerability of producers is relatively high, and the vulnerability index is unevenly distributed and internally differentiated; (4) a low family burden ratio, high education, convenient living conditions and complex social network can effectively reduce the vulnerability of employees’ livelihood; (5) the key obstacle factors affecting the sustainable livelihood of families are living convenience, adaptability to relocation, policy understanding, children’s burden ratio, education, and annual income per capita; (6) the alternative opportunity cost method can be used as the basis to determine the compensation standard of the relocated employees, which can better reflect the compensation effect of the opportunity cost in the existing definition of international compensation mechanisms and realize the leap from concept to action.
Highlights
In recent years, with the rapid development of the global economy, the world’s natural environment is deteriorating
In order to fix these research gaps, this paper first measures the livelihood vulnerability of relocated employees, finds out the key factors that affect their livelihood vulnerability and sustainable livelihood ability, and tries to solve the livelihood vulnerability of relocated employees by designing a targeted compensation standard. This improves the international study of livelihood vulnerability, and proposes a new compensation standard for special groups affected by ecological protection
Individual characteristics and other indicators are taken as explanatory variables, and the exposure, sensitivity, adaptability and livelihood vulnerability of employees to enterprise relocation are taken as explained variables
Summary
With the rapid development of the global economy, the world’s natural environment is deteriorating. In order to protect the water environment of the Yangtze River and promote the construction of ecological civilization, some special pollution control measures were taken for hundreds of chemical enterprises within 15 km of the Yangtze River to solve the problem of “chemical industry encircling the river”, and the policy of “close, reform, move and transfer” was implemented within a time limit. In these enterprising migrations for the purpose of “protecting the ecological environment and realizing sustainable development”, a large number of employees have to leave the original work place, resulting in difficulties such as diversion and laid-off. This improves the international study of livelihood vulnerability, and proposes a new compensation standard for special groups affected by ecological protection
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