Abstract
(1) The studies on the influence of rainfall on slope stability mainly focus on rainfall characteristics and the variation of strength parameters. Few studies pay attention to the micro structure changes of rock mass under long-term rainfall conditions, and the influence of failure mode. (2) Based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron microscopic imaging (Emmi) technology, the micro structure changes and macro deformation characteristics of the schist, under long-term immersion in different liquids are analyzed. (3) After soaking in the deionized water, the uniaxial compression strength of the intact specimen is slightly lower than that of the untreated specimens, but the test process in the elastic compression stage is considerably prolonged, and the failure modes show both shear and slip at the same time. While after soaking in acid solution, the fracture of rock samples with initial cracks can be obviously reduced and healed, which is consistent with the change of micro pore structure. The uniaxial strength and modulus of the intact samples are significantly lower, and only slip failure mode occurred. (4) It shows that water–rock interaction is an important factor influencing the stability of slope besides the external rainfall force, which affects the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of rock.
Highlights
Rainfall has a significant effect on the stability of slopes, and slope deformation can occur during processes of a long period of rain
(4) It shows that water–rock interaction is an important factor influencing the stability of slope besides the external rainfall force, which affects the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of rock
Limit equilibrium method and strength reduction method, which are originated in the soil slope and modified for rock slope, were commonly used
Summary
Rainfall has a significant effect on the stability of slopes, and slope deformation can occur during processes of a long period of rain. The influence of rainfall on slope is mainly simulated by different rainfall intensity or rainfall time, and the deformation characteristics and failure modes of slope under rainfall conditions are analyzed. Vedie et al [7] conducted model testing on a landslide triggered by rainfall, and the typical failure mode of slope instability in the permafrost region was revealed under different slope conditions. These examples showed the evidence of long-time rainfall acting as a trigger for landslides.
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