Abstract
Abstract In recent years, the amount of water and sediment in the Yellow River Basin has dropped drastically. This paper selected 125 rainfall and flood data points from 1965 to 2015, combined hydrological methods and mathematical statistics to analyze the hydrological factors and runoff generation mechanism, and combined the underlying surface conditions of the Gushanchuan Basin. The characteristics of change revealed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and related factors of the runoff generation mechanism in the basin. The results showed that the Gushanchuan Basin is still dominated by HOF runoff, but the runoff generation mechanism has also changed with changes in the underlying surface, which are reflected in increased runoff components, the reduced proportion of HOF runoff, and the increased proportion of saturation-excess overland flow (SOF) runoff and mixed runoff. We analyzed the variation law of underlying surface in the basin, which indicated that the increase in the forest grass area was the main factor affecting changes in the watershed runoff generation mechanism. This research will enable a deeper understanding of the runoff generation mechanism of the main soil erosion areas in the Loess Plateau, and reveal variations in the runoff generation mechanism in the Yellow River.
Highlights
With continued population expansion, the scale of the economy is expanding, and humans are overly interfering with the natural ecosystems
This study explored the reasons for the reduction of water in the Yellow River from the perspective of the runoff generation mechanism
This study provided insight into the changes in the runoff generation mechanism of the Gushanchuan Basin over the past 40 years, examined reasons for the reduction of the Yellow River water volume from the perspective of the runoff generation mechanism, and provided the necessary scientific basis for the effectiveness of the ecological construction of the Loess Plateau and the formulation of regional sustainable development countermeasures
Summary
The scale of the economy is expanding, and humans are overly interfering with the natural ecosystems. This interference has resulted in a series of ecological and environmental problems in the Loess Plateau, which is located in the arid and semi-arid regions of the northwest, and has a prominent soil erosion. Zhang et al | Influence of vegetation change on runoff generation mechanism
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