Study on the Equilibria of the Complex Formation of the Ion-pair of Germanium(IV) with 4-Nitrocatechol and 1,4-Diphenyl-3-(phenylamino)-1H-1,2,4-triazole.

Petya Racheva,Vanya Lekova,Vidka Divarova,Kirila Stojnova

doi:10.17344/acsi.2017.3214

Petya Racheva, Vanya Lekova + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.17344/acsi.2017.3214

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Abstract

The complex formation of the ion-pair formed between the anionic chelate of Ge(IV)-4-nitrocatechol (4-NC) and the cation of 1,4-diphenyl-3-(phenylamino)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (Nitron, Nt) in the liquid-liquid extraction system Ge(IV)-4-NC-Nt-H2O-CHCl3 was studied by spectrophotometry. The optimum extraction-spectrophotometric conditions for the complex formation were established. The validity of Beer's law was checked and some analytical characteristics of the system were calculated. The effect of co-existing ions and reagents on the process of complex formation was investigated. The association process in aqueous phase and the extraction equilibria were studied and quantitatively characterized. The following key constants of the processes were calculated: association constant, distribution constant, extraction constant and recovery factor. The molar ratio of the reagents was determined by independent methods. A reaction scheme and a general formula of the complex were suggested.

Highlights

The germanium and its compounds are widely used in various important areas of technology, science, and medicine
The aim of this research was to study spectrophotometrically the extraction equilibria of the complex formation of the ion-pair formed between the anionic chelate of Ge(IV)–4-nitrocatechol (4-NC) and the cation of 1,4-diphenyl-3-(phenylamino)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (Nitron, Nt) in the liquid-liquid system Ge(IV)–4-NC–Nt–H2O–CHCl3 as well as to evaluate the possible applications of the system for determination of traces of germanium(IV) in alloys, biological, medical and pharmaceutical samples
The absorption spectrum of the extract of the studied ion-pair formed between the anionic chelate of Ge(IV) with 4-NC and nitronium cation in CHCl3 was characterized by an absorption maximum in the visible range (Figure 1)

Summary

Introduction

The germanium and its compounds are widely used in various important areas of technology, science, and medicine. Germanium is present in all living plant and animal matter in micro-trace quantities and it is essential from a biochemical point of view. The germanium is relatively less toxic compared to many other metals. The accumulation of relatively high doses of germanium (milligram order of germanium per 1 g tissue) causes severe poisoning, including impairments in kidney, nerves, muscles. Germanium deficiency can lead to seriously hematologic disorders and tumor formation. Pharmaceutical preparations, containing germanium are effectively applied in treatment of a wide range of serious afflictions, including cancer, arthritis, osteoporosis and acute renal failure. Pharmaceutical preparations, containing germanium are effectively applied in treatment of a wide range of serious afflictions, including cancer, arthritis, osteoporosis and acute renal failure. 1–8

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