Abstract
In this study, a Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5 anode was prepared by a hydrothermal method, and the prepared electrode was characterized by techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron dispersive spectroscopy. At the same time, the anode characteristics before and after electrochemical experiments were analyzed. The electrode gradation mechanism of oxytetracycline is discussed. In the whole experimental process, the range of electrolysis conditions was determined by single factor experiment, and then the optimal removal condition of oxytetracycline was determined by orthogonal experiments. The removal rate of oxytetracycline reached 99.02% after 20 min of electrolysis under the following optimal conditions: a current of 0.500 A, plate spacing of 2 cm, Na2SO4 electrolyte concentration of 4 g/L, and solution pH of 3. Additionally, the mechanism of oxytetracycline removal was explored, free radical scavenging experiments were performed, and the degradation mechanism was inferred based on the changes in the ultraviolet absorption of the oxytetracycline solution before and after electrolysis. Then, based on the liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry data, seven possible compounds and five possible removal pathways were proposed.
Highlights
In recent years, reports of the detection of antibiotics in various river basins have exposed the environmental problems arising from the use of antibiotics; this has motivated an increasing research effort focusing on the treatment of antibiotics [1,2]
To explore the key factors affecting the electrochemical oxidation performance of oxytetracycline, the four key factors were changed, and the control variable method was adopted for the experiment
These results indicated that the reaction rate of the electrochemical degradation of oxytetracycline was related to the concentration of the substance involved in the reaction under the optimal conditions, and the reaction was in accordance with first-order kinetics
Summary
Reports of the detection of antibiotics in various river basins have exposed the environmental problems arising from the use of antibiotics; this has motivated an increasing research effort focusing on the treatment of antibiotics [1,2]. Tetracycline antibiotics are currently some of the most widely and commonly used antibiotics These antibiotics are widely used in the prevention and control of human diseases, agricultural production, and livestock and poultry breeding [3,4]. Oxytetracycline is the most representative tetracycline antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting protein synthesis, and has a good anti-infection effect, eliminating inflammation and promoting the growth of livestock [5]. Due to their stable chemical properties, antibiotics cannot be decomposed and absorbed by the liver and kidney after entering the organism and are mostly excreted by the kidney in the form of prototype drugs [6]. Microorganisms in the water can become resistant to the added antibiotics after long-term exposure to them in the environment, affecting the microbial community and aquatic organisms and destroying the aquatic ecosystem [7,8]
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