Abstract
Mutagenesis is an important technique for creating novel mutants having improved agronomic traits. In this study, LD50 was determined at 807 Gy depending on the germination percentage of tomato seeds irradiated with cobalt-60, using absorbed gray (Gy) dose of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 500, and 1000 Gy with control. GR30 and GR50 values were 214 and 502 Gy based on the regression formula on seedling length. Though LD50 is important, the dose range between 214(GR30) and 502(GR50) is more functional to get desirable mutation as the survival of the mutants is more important than germination. The variation was observed in all of the agronomical traits among the treatments. Most of the morphological traits were found better at 250 Gy in comparison with the control and the value decreased sharply at higher doses followed. The highest weight of single fruit was 145.33 g recorded at 250 Gy while the lowest was 70.67 g noted at 500 Gy. The highest fruit yield per plant was 1270 gm obtained at 250 Gy and the lowest was 800 gm found at 500 Gy. Shelf life was found better (34 days) at the 250 Gy dose level and the lowest was 6 days got in the control treatments.
Highlights
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is one of the most important worldwide cultivated vegetable crops
lethal dose 50 (LD50) was determined at 807 Gy (Figure 2)
Effect of γ -Irradiation on the morphological characters of M1 plants All treatments with gamma irradiation were found to be lethal with doses at 1000 Gy or higher
Summary
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is one of the most important worldwide cultivated vegetable crops It belongs to the Solanaceae family having a short life cycle (Dielen et al, 2001) and a simple diploid genome (2n=2x=24)(Kulawiec et al, 2003). The major limitations with the transformation method are dipping and infiltration which have been cited as inefficient in tomato plants (Chaudhary et al, 2019) In this regard, induced mutagenesis is one of the promising techniques to broaden the genetic diversity in the existing tomato genome pool which will help in crop improvement. Studies have shown that ionizing radiation like gamma-ray has a significant effect in the improvement of various agricultural traits such as reduction of post-harvest loss through suppressing sprouting and contamination, eradication of insect pests, reduction of food-borne diseases, and extensions of shelf life (Andress et al, 1994; Emovon, 1996)
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