Abstract
The dynamic behavior of structures in liquefiable sand exhibits more complicated characteristics, due to the development of excess pore pressure caused by cyclic loading, than that in dry sand. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately predict the soil–pile structure behavior during liquefaction to prevent damage to the structures. In this study, three-dimensional numerical modeling was performed to predict the dynamic soil–pile behavior during liquefaction. To directly simulate pore pressure generation due to soil shear deformation, the Finn liquefaction model was applied and coupled with the Mohr-Coulomb elasto-plastic model. Soil nonlinearity was considered by applying hysteretic damping, and the interface model was applied to simulate various dynamic phenomena between the soil and pile. Simplified continuum modeling was introduced to prevent reflection wave generation and increase analysis efficiency. The applicability of the proposed numerical model was validated using the experimental results. Thereafter, a parametric study was conducted to provide a better understanding of the dynamic behavior of pile foundation during liquefaction. From a series of parametric studies, several important factors that can affect the dynamic pile responses in liquefiable sand were identified. Also, the characteristics of the dynamic soil–pile structure interactive behavior, which are significantly different from each other in liquefied and dry sand, were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.
Highlights
Liquefaction, which generally occurs in loose sandy soil, is one of the major causes of damage to facility structures during earthquakes because many structures, such as civil infrastructure systems and plant facilities, are currently constructed on liquefiable soft ground, such as reclaimed area.In particular, in the magnitude 5.4 Pohang earthquake in November 2017, liquefaction was firstly observed in South Korea, raising concerns for the safety of foundations embedded in liquefiable ground.As the pile behavior in liquefiable sand has a more complicated mechanism than that in non-liquefiable soil, it exhibits much more uncertain and unpredictable characteristics
This study aims to overcome this limitation by proposing a model which is capable of more directly and accurately simulating soil deformation and subsequent pore pressure development for more reasonable predictions of the dynamic pile behavior in liquefiable sand
Remark interactive behavior embedded in liquefiable sand
Summary
Liquefaction, which generally occurs in loose sandy soil, is one of the major causes of damage to facility structures during earthquakes because many structures, such as civil infrastructure systems and plant facilities, are currently constructed on liquefiable soft ground, such as reclaimed area.In particular, in the magnitude 5.4 Pohang earthquake in November 2017, liquefaction was firstly observed in South Korea, raising concerns for the safety of foundations embedded in liquefiable ground.As the pile behavior in liquefiable sand has a more complicated mechanism than that in non-liquefiable soil, it exhibits much more uncertain and unpredictable characteristics. Liquefaction, which generally occurs in loose sandy soil, is one of the major causes of damage to facility structures during earthquakes because many structures, such as civil infrastructure systems and plant facilities, are currently constructed on liquefiable soft ground, such as reclaimed area. In the magnitude 5.4 Pohang earthquake in November 2017, liquefaction was firstly observed in South Korea, raising concerns for the safety of foundations embedded in liquefiable ground. Owing to the development of physical model tests, such as the centrifuge test and 1-g shaking table test, and establishment of the numerical analysis method, several studies have evaluated the dynamic behavior of pile foundations in liquefiable sand. Owing to the temporal, economic, and spatial limitations of physical
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