Abstract
Aim To analyse the target of Rhizoma Curcumae in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by using network pharmacological techniques and to explore the associated molecular mechanism. Methods The targets of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were retrieved from the GeneCards database. At the same time, the drug therapeutic targets of Rhizoma Curcumae were obtained from the TCMSP and SymMap databases. The data were imported into the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.1 to construct a network of “Chinese medicine component-target-disease” interactions; then, the intersection was screened as the core Rhizoma Curcumae antinasopharyngeal cancer targets. Through GO target function and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the core targets, we predicted the biological processes and key signalling pathways involved in the Rhizoma Curcumae treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Results Twenty-five core targets of Rhizoma Curcumae in nasopharyngeal carcinoma were mined: TP53, BCL2 ICAM1 RXRA, TLR3 and TLR9, TNF, PTGS2, IL-6, CTSD, MMP2, MMP9, MMP14, TIMP2, ABCC1, ABCB1, ABCG2, and so on. The results of visual analysis showed that the Rhizoma Curcumae treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma mainly involves leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cells, positive regulation of NF-κB import into the nucleus, regulation of the reactive oxygen species biosynthetic and metabolic process, regulation of the chemokine biosynthetic and metabolic process, various cancer-related signalling pathways, and a variety of cytokine signal transduction pathways, such as the NF-κB, TLR, IL-17, and TNF signalling pathways. Conclusion The core targets predicted by our research can be used as molecular markers for the treatment and prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The mechanism of Rhizoma Curcumae treatment in NPC may be related to immune regulatory pathways, the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis, as well as the regulation of tumour microenvironment. Combined with the prediction of its associated mechanism of action, the core targets can provide targeted reference value for subsequent drug development related to Curcuma.
Highlights
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common epithelial tumour in southern China and Southeast Asia
We collected 681 genes as the study targets by using the GeneCards database. rough TCMSP, we screened the active ingredients of Rhizoma Curcumae with the DB ≥ 30 and DL ≤ 0.18 standards and found 33 corresponding active ingredients. 40 active ingredient targets were obtained by using the SymMap database
PPI Network Construction of Rhizoma Curcumae-TargetNPC. e PPI data of the disease targets and the active targets of Rhizoma Curcumae were obtained through the STRING database, and the PPI data with confidence scores ≥0.9 were selected and imported into Cytoscape to construct the target network interaction map. e merge function was used to merge the target network map with the disease target
Summary
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common epithelial tumour in southern China and Southeast Asia. It is one of the most common malignant tumours in China. E incidence of NPC is closely related to heredity, EB virus infection, and environmental factors. Conventional conformal radiotherapy (CCRT) plus adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy reached consensus on the mainstay treatment for NPC [2], but combined treatment can produce serious adverse reactions, coupled with chemotherapy drug resistance, resulting in unsatisfactory treatment. In combination with traditional Chinese medicine treatment, long-term conditioning and repair for treatment-related side effects can be performed. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with antitumor effects has become an important part of clinical prescriptions of TCM and the source of new antitumor drug
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