Study on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in chronic bacterial prostatitis and the mechanism of prostatic inflammation, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and vasoactive intestinal peptide expression

Abstract

Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in chronic bacterial prostatitis, the inflammatory mechanism of prostatic fluid, the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Methods A total of 412 chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) patients who were admitted to the hospital in January 2012-2017 December were selected as the research group, and the other 120 in the December January 2012-2017 were selected as the control group. The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in CBP patients and the expression of two groups of inflammatory factors, VCAM-1 and VIP were analyzed. Results The 412 cases of CBP were isolated from 368 bacterial strains, including 212 strains of gram positive bacteria, 144 strains of gram negative bacteria, 12 strains of fungi; gram positive bacteria, mainly for 92 strains of Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 25.00%, 60 strains of Staphylococcus haemolyticus accounted for 16.30%; gram negative bacteria, mainly for 68 strains of Escherichia coli accounted for 18.48%, 48 strains of Klebsiella pneumonia accounted for 13.04%. Among the main Gram-positive bacteria, the high resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin was 78.26%, and the high rate of erythromycin resistant Staphylococcus was 80.00%. Among the main gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli had higher resistance rates to ampicillin and ceftazidime, accounting for 88.24% and 76.47% respectively, and Klebsiella pneumoniae had a higher resistance rate to cefepime and ampicillin, accounting for 83.33% and 75.00% respectively. The levels of IL-8 [(4.72±1.27) μg/L], IL-10 [(159.84±24.36) ng/L] and TNF-α [(65.41±8.97) ng/L] in prostatic fluid of the study group were higher than those of the control group [(1.39±0.42) μg/L, (84.21±12.39) ng/L] and[ (10.20±1.42) ng/L], with significant differences (t=28.260, 32.782, P<0.05). The levels of VCAM-1 [(84.21±16.59) μg/L] and VIP [(46.32±8.24) ng/L] in prostatic fluid of the study group were higher than those of the control group [(46.13±8.35) μg/L] and [(23.81±3.46) ng/L], with significant difference (t=24.377, 29.170, P<0.05). Conclusion Gram positive bacteria were the main pathogens in CBP patients. There were obvious inflammatory reactions, and VCAM-1 and VIP were highly expressed. They should be rationally applied according to drug resistance. Key words: Chronic bacterial prostatitis; Pathogenic bacteria; Inflammatory mechanism; Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; Vasoactive intestinal peptide