Abstract
As a large agricultural country, food security is of vital importance to the national economy and people's livelihood. In recent years, food production has been constantly restricted in order to meet the needs of urbanization and economic development. And problems such as resource compression, cost increase and insufficient investment in science and technology have gradually surfaced. In order to guarantee the food production safety, this paper comprehensively analyzes the status of China's food security from four aspects: food availability, food access, food utilization and the stability of food security. Through comparative analysis, it is known that the overall situation of China's food security has been significantly improved. It is better than the average level of developing countries. China also has advantages when compared with other developing countries with large populations, but there is still a certain gap with the average level of developed countries. China's food security situation is not balanced in different dimensions. The food availability situation measured by indicators such as per capita food output and average dietary energy supply has significantly improved. The food access measured by per capita GDP, domestic food price index, prevalence of undernourishment and so on, enhances continuously. The global hunger index was significantly reduced in food utilization, and the condition of food utilization measured by clean drinking water sources and good sanitation facilities was significantly improved. The lower stability index of political stability, the higher domestic food price volatility and per capita food production variability are not conducive to the stability of food security.
Highlights
From 2004 to 2015, China's food output achieved "the twelfth consecutive increase", from a macro perspective; China's food availability has been relatively abundant
Synthesize the above four dimensions, the overall situation of China's food security has been significantly improved, which has exceeded the average level of developing countries and has certain advantages compared with other populous country in the developing world
In the food availability dimension, China's total food output, per capita food output continued to increase over the long term; Protein supply, dietary energy supply and its adequacy ratio continued to increase, and higher than the average level of developing countries, but lower than the average level of developed countries; Cereal has basically achieved full self-sufficiency, consistent with several populous developing countries, lower than developed countries, but the soybean self-sufficiency has declined significantly
Summary
From 2004 to 2015, China's food output achieved "the twelfth consecutive increase", from a macro perspective; China's food availability has been relatively abundant. The indicators at the micro level are mainly Global Food Security Index (GFSI), Dietary intake, Dietary diversity (DD), Coping Strategies Index (CSI), Experienced-based food insecurity scales (EBFIS) and so on. Haroon Yousaf, et al (2018) have examined the food security status of farmer and non-farmer rural households of the Punjab, Pakistan using DIA (Dietary Intake Assessment), HFIAS (Household Food Insecurity Access Scale) and HDDS (Household Dietary Diversity Score) [15] They concluded that farmer households were more food secure than non-farmer households, and determinants of food security varied for farmer and non-famer households but monthly income, family size and family structure were important determinants for both type of households. The multi-dimensional measurement of China's food security situation will make a more comprehensive and objective judgment on China's food security situation, and provide a factual basis for the development of China's food security work
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