Study on the correlation between treatment outcome and quality of life of adolescent scoliosis based on big data analysis

Abstract

Abstract To evaluate the correlation between changes in spinal balance parameters and healthy quality of life after treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The current study concentrated on the imbalance of the shoulder and pelvis in the coronal plane, along with the changes in thoracic and lumbar curvature and pelvic positional morphology in the sagittal plane in adolescent AIS patients. The aim was to summarize the characteristics of the morphological imbalance in the coronal and sagittal planes of AIS patients, and to investigate the mechanism of the influence between scoliosis deformity and the localized or overall morphological imbalance of the torso. Observe the changes in coronal and sagittal morphology indexes before and after rehabilitation treatment and analyze the effect of rehabilitation treatment on AIS. Based on the inclusion criteria, the Spine Disease Big Data Platform selected fifty patients with AIS and took pre-intervention full spine radiographs. The Cobb angle, clavicular angle, coronal pelvic tilt angle, and coronal sacral tilt angle were measured on the orthopantomographs, and the coronal torso offset was recorded. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between radiological parameters and quality of life score values. The mean value of ODI in the patients was 38.12±15.35 preoperatively and 19.11±10.43 after rehabilitation treatment, and the difference between preoperative and postoperative was statistically significant (p<0.05). The mean value of the patient’s Cobb angle decreased from 36.12±17.25° before rehabilitation therapy to 11.61±8.72° after rehabilitation therapy. The maximum isometric muscle strength of the subjects was measured in the standing position, prone position, and sitting position, respectively, and the strength of the low back muscles of the AIS patients who had undergone systematic treatment, compared with the observation group, was significantly improved (p<0.05). Improving spinal balance parameters alone does not indicate an improvement in quality of life after treatment in patients with AIS. It is more common for adolescent scoliosis patients to exhibit a high pelvic tilt angle and a low sacral incidence angle, and systematic treatment can effectively increase the sacral tilt and decrease the pelvic tilt angle, correcting spinal-pelvic imbalance in scoliosis patients. In AIS patients, the maximum isometric muscle strength of the low back muscles in a standing position significantly correlated negatively with dysfunction scores and positively with the patients’ health-related quality of life. The correlation was most significant with the dimensions of physiologic function and physiologic function, which are sensitive indicators of quality of life in patients with AIS.