Abstract
It is widely known that abnormal peripheral blood circulation due to intravascular stenosis causes ischemic diseases and blood circulatory disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of pulsed magnetic field (PMF) on hemodynamic characteristics in blood vessel with stenosis of 33% with diameter of 15μm, with the change of PMF intensity and hematocrit (Ht) concentration. Stenosed microvascular channels were fabricated using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Our PMF stimulator has the maximum intensity of 2700G at a transition time of 102 μs with pulse intervals of 1Hz. For the Ht altered RBCs suspension, the changes in blood flow and deformation of red blood cells (RBCs) were examined before and after PMF stimulus with various intensity of 200∼2700G. In stenosed channel, threshold intensity for improvement of blood flow seems to be 400G. The higher the Ht, the higher the viscosity and the slower the velocity of RBCs, but after PMF stimulus, RBCs movement overall increased by more than 9∼67% in both Ht 5% and 20% RBCs suspension. Our study shows that PMF plays an important role in in treating cardiovascular diseases with blood circulation disorders caused by narrowing microvascular due to stenosis. In order to extend our results to clinical applications, we need develop more indicators for hemorheologic characteristics such as viscosity and resistance, and need further experiment with diverse PMF condition such as pulse shape, pulse duration, or repetition rate.
Highlights
The capillary, a small vessel from 5 to 10μm in diameter, performs an important function by the blood circulation allowing to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with surrounding tissues
The rate of red blood cells (RBCs) velocity in various intensity of pulsed magnetic field (PMF) stimulus inside the stenosed channel and straight channel were observed in order to find the optimal peak intensity of PMF for the improvement of RBCs flow, with RBCs suspension of 5% Ht using phosphate buffer saline (PBS). (Fig. 2) The rate of RBCs velocity means the ratio of RBCs velocities under PMF stimulus and non-PMF condition
This present study has tried to investigate the influence of PMF on hemodynamic characteristics in blood vessel with stenosis of 33% with diameter of 15μm
Summary
The capillary, a small vessel from 5 to 10μm in diameter, performs an important function by the blood circulation allowing to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with surrounding tissues. Peripheral artery disease, blood clots, diabetes, Raynaud’s disease and so on may lead to poor circulation. Blood clots can further block the arteries. It is reported that various cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack, arrhythmias, hypertension, angina, and thrombosis are highly correlated to the red blood cells (RBCs) aggregation.. Many studies for protection and clinical treatment against blood circulation disorders have been conducted in order to prevent cardiovascular-related diseases, the most common mortality from diseases. Simon assessed the rate of blood flow and a drop in pressure through a stenotic orifice: For high conductance of the peripheral vascular bed, the stenosis becomes the limiting factor and the stream is no longer laminar.. Ku reported that high shear stress in turbulent flow due to the stenosis might activate platelets and thereby induce thrombosis. Narrowing and stiffening of the blood vessels cause stenosis, so it is necessary to study the hemodynamic changes such as blood flow and velocity characteristics in the stenosis. Simon assessed the rate of blood flow and a drop in pressure through a stenotic orifice: For high conductance of the peripheral vascular bed, the stenosis becomes the limiting factor and the stream is no longer laminar. Ku reported that high shear stress in turbulent flow due to the stenosis might activate platelets and thereby induce thrombosis.
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