Study on the assay of uremic protein-binding inhibitors: furan compound and hippuric acid

Abstract

Plasma levels of 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (FA) and hippuric acid (HA) were studied in healthy subjects, uremic patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and hemodialysis (HD). Analysis of FA and HA in the plasma were performed by gas chromatography with capillary column. The mean value of FA in HD patients (16.7 +/- 6.1 micrograms/ml) was significantly higher than these in healthy subjects (3.6 +/- 1.0 micrograms/ml) and in patients on CAPD (4.1 +/- 3.7 micrograms/ml) (p less than 0.01). HA levels in CAPD and HD groups were higher than those in healthy controls (2.4 +/- 0.8 micrograms/ml). In addition, the values in HD patients (46.7 +/- 53.5 micrograms/ml) were more increased than those in CAPD (18.5 +/- 16.5 micrograms/ml) (p less than 0.05). Approximately 95% of total FA and 25% of HA were bound to the plasma protein. However, the plasma level of HA was significantly reduced by HD therapy, whereas that of FA was not altered. In the previous study, it was described that no effect of HD on the percent of the binding of acid drugs to the plasma protein in the uremic plasma was observed. Therefore it is supposed that FA is more involved in the binding of drugs to the plasma protein in comparison with HA. The peritoneal losses of FA and HA in CAPD were 2.3 +/- 1.3 mg/day and 276 +/- 40 mg/day, respectively. As the duration of HD became longer, plasma concentrations of FA in HD patients were more increased. In general, they were maintained to be comparatively low in patients on CAPD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)