Study on temporal and spatial differences of multi-attribute characteristics of torrential rain in different months in China

Abstract

Using the daily precipitation data of 545 meteorological stations in China from 1961 to 2016, the temporal and spatial characteristics of torrential rainfall and rain days in different months in China were detected from the three aspects of climatic state characteristics, change trend and interannual variations. The results showed that: (1) The torrential rainfall and rain days in different months in China from 1961 to 2016 had similar spatial differentiation characteristics in the corresponding months. The high-value areas of torrential rainfall and rain days gradually expanded from the southeast coast to the northwest inland from January to July, but mainly distributed in the east of the Hu Huanyong Line, and reduced from the northwest area to the southeast coastal area from August to December; The torrential rainfall and rain days were less distributed in the west of the Hu Huanyong Line in different months. (2) The temporal and spatial differentiation characteristics of torrential rainfall and rain days in different months in China from 1961 to 2016 were basically the same. The torrential rainfall and rain days in China had the most significant change trend from May to August, mainly distributed in the southeast monsoon region with an increasing trend. The torrential rainfall and rain days in the northwest have little changes in different months. (3) The interannual variations of the torrential rainfall and rain days in different months in China from 1961 to 2016 were similar. Thereinto, there was large fluctuation in the northern region from April to October, while the variations in the southern region fluctuated greatly from January to March and from November to December. The high-value areas of the torrential rainfall and rain days with large fluctuation gradually expanded from southeast to northwest, northeast and southwest with the development of month, with the fluctuation tending to decrease in the southeast, and then shrank from the northwest, northeast and southwest to the southeast, coupled with an increasing fluctuation in the southeast. The research has certain reference significance for flood control, disaster reduction, and the planning and utilization of water resources.