Abstract
An assessment was carried out to observe the impacts of fish sanctuary on the livelihoods from fishers of Ruhul beel and Bamonji beel under Chalan beel in Pabna district of Bangladesh. Data were collected from selected sanctuary sites with prepared and pretested questionnaire and analyzed through statistical tests like ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), regression, correlation, Chi-square were used to identify the relationships between variables and significant differences/association among them. From physical capital point of view, it was found that 91.3% of fishermen’s houses were katcha, 6.52% were semi-pacca, and only 2.17% were pucca in case of Ruhul beel and in case of Bamonji beel 90.54% of fishermen’s houses were katcha, 8.11% were semi-pacca, and only 1.35% were pacca. There was no significant variation (ANOVA; P>0.05, Chi Square test; non-significant at 0.05 level) among the residences by well-being. From human capital, average age of the household heads (HHH) was 37.95(±) 1.354 for Ruhul beel respectively, whereas for Bamonji beel the average age were 38.05(±) 1.064. The medium aged group fishermen were dominant in Ruhul beel than Bamonji beel. There were no significant difference (P>0.05) found between the age groups by well-being. From income capital it was observed highest part of income were come from fishing contributing 64.89% (653.72±128.82 US$), 43.58% (431.89±74.66 US$) for Ruhul beel and Bamonji beel respectively. As per as natural and social capital, average used land holding was 0.274±0.136 ranging 0.065 ha to 0.534 ha for Ruhul beel and 0.228±0.305 ha ranging 0.040 to 0.267 ha for Bamonji beel. The average land holdings did not vary significantly (P>0.05) between the sites.
 Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (3), 100-114
Highlights
A livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets and activities required for a means of living
Residence All the fishers lived in own house other than only one fisherman who lived in other’s house in Ruhul beel (RB) in both years
From the present study it was observed that all the fishers were Muslims except one respondent in RB which might be due to the 99% population is muslims, which was quite different with the results of Karim (1994) and Rejwan (2012)
Summary
A livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets (including both material and social resources) and activities required for a means of living. Most of them are landless and don’t even have homestead land but build their houses on rivers banks or in government has land or other’s lands They rarely have to access to bank or any formal credit because of lack of their resources for giving mortgage to get the loan. Most of them undertake fishing on a share basis with the boat-gear owner or moneylender or as daily laborer or on a monthly salary basis by which the fishers are deprived. Through this way most of them are exploited by the middleman, money lenders, aratder, dadonder, musclemen etc. Through this way most of them are exploited by the middleman, money lenders, aratder, dadonder, musclemen etc. because of their low social
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