Abstract
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is an airborne fungal disease which always destructs leaf and leads to stagnation of grain filling, decreasing of kernel weight, thin seed and yield loss. Winter wheat Huixianhong is a special germplasm with special characteristics of tolerance or resistance against stripe rust. In order to understand the effect on Huixianhong from stripe rust, we designed two kinds of treatment, inoculation of stripe rust fungi (IH) and artificial immune by bactericide (CK) to study the dynamic of disease process, the grain filling and the thousand-kernel weight (TKW). Our results showed that the incubation period of Hongxinahui was 13.5 days. The prevalence increased from 32.9% at 15 days after jointing to 80.0% at 9 days after booting, and reached to 97.0% at the heading stage. The infection type (IT) was 7 to 9 at the beginning of anthesis. The severity, leaf withered area ratio and disease index at the 15th day after anthesis were 67.17%, 98.17% and 0.6717, respectively. The IH maximum increasing rate of leaf necrosis and chlorosis area was from heading beginning stage to anthesis beginning stage, which increased from 18.66 mm2·d-1 to 21.04 mm2·d-1. The maximum rate of grain filling was 1.25 mg·d-1 at the 18th day after anthesis, which was earlier than that of CK by 3.3 days. The IH thousand-kernel weight Loss (TKWL) was more than that of CK by 6.19%, the stage of heading and amature were 3.0 days and 4.5 days earlier than CK, respectively. The stripe rust infection seriously destructed the photosynthetic function of leaf at the earlier stage of grain filling, i.e. at the beginning of anthesis, which led to the most important biomass loss and the grain filling rate decrease. As far as stripe rust is concerned, Huixianhong is a high susceptible, easily been infected, seriously showing symptoms and most quickly epidemic type but can successfully complete grain filling in high quality. It is a very useful germplasm for creating and selecting special breeding materials against stripe rust.
Highlights
Epidemics of wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, are more frequent around the world and often led to serious yield loss while applying for the resistance wheat cultivar or materials can significantly decrease leaf damage and yield loss
The stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) (Pst) always seriously destructs photosynthetic function of leaf and affects supply and movement of assimilation products, which leads to thousand-kernel weight (TKW) decrease and yield loss[1,2]
The data based on the special formulas and mathematical models were the disease index (DI), grain filling rate (GFR), leaf withered area ratio (LWAR) and the increasing rate of leaf necrosis and chlorosis area (IRLNC) [2,7]
Summary
Epidemics of wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, are more frequent around the world and often led to serious yield loss while applying for the resistance wheat cultivar or materials can significantly decrease leaf damage and yield loss. Epidemics of wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. Tritici, are more frequent around the world and often led to serious yield loss while applying for the resistance wheat cultivar or materials can significantly decrease leaf damage and yield loss. How to find and breed excellent wheat materials and cultivar is very important for wheat breeding and production. The winter wheat cultivar Huixianhong is the typical one with more excellent characteristics and been found by Dr Chunyu He. The stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) (Pst) always seriously destructs photosynthetic function of leaf and affects supply and movement of assimilation products, which leads to thousand-kernel weight (TKW) decrease and yield loss[1,2]. Huixianhong is a winter wheat cultivar that is high susceptible to stripe rust and epidemic as quickly as showing symptoms. Wheat leaves turn into chlorosis and lose photosynthetic function at the earlier stage of grain filling[2]
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