Abstract
To find the effects of cross-linker phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin on the performance of soy-based adhesives, the reaction between model compounds hydroxymethyl phenol (HPF) and glutamic acid were studied in this paper. HPF prepared in laboratory conditions showed higher content of hydroxymethyl groups than normal PF resin, which was proved by the results of Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C-NMR). The results of ESI-MS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and 13C-NMR based on resultant products obtained from model compounds showed better water resistance of the soy protein-based adhesive modified by PF-based resin, which indicated the reaction between PF resin and soy protein. However, it seemed that the soy-based adhesive cross-linked by HPF with the maximum content of hydroxymethyl groups did not show the best water resistance.
Highlights
To meet with the needs of environmentally-friendly adhesives in the wood industry, more and more attention has been given to adhesives prepared with natural materials, such as soy protein-based adhesives
Even for soy-based adhesive prepared with soy protein isolate (SPI), whose protein content is higher than 90%, the analysis on chemical structures of resulted adhesive is very difficult because of the complicated amino acid compositions of soy protein
To find the effects of cross-linker phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin on the performance of soy-based adhesives, the reaction between model compounds hydroxymethyl phenol (HPF) and glutamic acid were studied in this paper
Summary
To meet with the needs of environmentally-friendly adhesives in the wood industry, more and more attention has been given to adhesives prepared with natural materials, such as soy protein-based adhesives It is well-known that soy-based adhesives with no modification cannot be used directly for wood panels because of their poor water resistance [1,2]. The modification of soy-based adhesives, especially the improvement on its water resistance, is presumed to be based on the reaction between one or some of these reactive groups from soy protein and cross-linkers. Even for soy-based adhesive prepared with soy protein isolate (SPI), whose protein content is higher than 90%, the analysis on chemical structures of resulted adhesive is very difficult because of the complicated amino acid compositions of soy protein. The reaction between the unit composition of the protein’s amino acid and hydroxymethyl phenol will be more helpful for the understanding of the reaction between soy protein and hydroxymethyl phenol
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