Abstract
Grey water footprint is included in the green development efficiency evaluation index system of the chemical industry. From 2002 to 2016, the super efficiency Slack Based Measure (SBM) model was used to measure the green development efficiency of the chemical industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition method were used to decompose the regional differences of green development efficiency of the chemical industry in the Economic Belt, and the coefficient of variation method and panel data regression model were used to test the convergence characteristics. The following results were obtained. (1) The total grey water footprint of the chemical industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed a fluctuating downward trend from 2002 to 2016. (2) The green development efficiency of the chemical industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was significantly improved, and the spatial differentiation law of gradient decline in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Economic Belt was shown. (3) The regional difference of green development efficiency of the chemical industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt initially showed an expanding trend and then a narrowing trend. Regional differences in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River increased while those in the middle reaches first increased and then decreased, whereas those in the lower reaches decreased significantly. The variance in green development efficiency of the chemical industry is the main cause of regional differences. (4) From 2012 to 2016, the Yangtze River Economic Belt had obvious convergence in its whole region, middle reaches, and lower reaches and an inconspicuous convergence in the upstream area. Regional difference of green development efficiency of the chemical industry in the Economic Belt was the combined effect of the results of environmental regulation, industrial structure, foreign investment intensity, and scientific and technological advancements. Our results have high theoretical reference values and practical guiding significance for implementing the green efficiency promotion strategy of the chemical industry in Yangtze River Economic Belt by region and classification.
Highlights
IntroductionThe Yangtze River Economic Belt is one of the most critical contradiction areas between economic development and environmental protection in China [1]
Industrial structure, foreign investment intensity and technological progress as control variables, this paper studied their influence on the green development efficiency of the chemical industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt
The results show that the β absolute convergence coefficients in the whole region and the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt are negative, indicating that the green development efficiency of its chemical industry exists in β absolute convergence
Summary
The Yangtze River Economic Belt is one of the most critical contradiction areas between economic development and environmental protection in China [1]. A total 40% of available freshwater resources and more than 20% of its wetland resources in China are concentrated in the Yangtze River Basin, which covers 204 national aquatic germplasm resources protection zones. The River Basin is one of the important ecological security barriers and economic centers in China [2]. The chemical industry is a basic and pillar industry of the national economy, with high dependence on water and energy as well as high safety and environmental risks [3]. China is the largest chemical producer in the world.
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