Abstract
Background Trypanosomosis is a significant impediment to Ethiopia's livestock and farm production, adding adversely to the overall growth of agriculture in general and the nation's food self-reliance efforts in particular. Methods Cross-sectional research was performed on the prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle and the distinction of Trypanosoma species and potential factors in six selected provinces of the Sodo zuriya district in southern Ethiopia. Blood samples from the ear vein of 400 local and exotic cattle species were taken randomly. A hematocrit reader was used after centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for a five-minute assessment of anemic conditions of animals, and the anemia of the thin blood spraying and buffy coat procedure was tested to assess the incidence, detection, and packaging of Trypanosoma and the cell volume of each sampled animal. Results Accordingly, twenty cattle were positive for trypanosomosis, with an overall proportion of 5.0%. From this overall prevalence, Trypanosoma congolense (3.3%) and Trypanosoma vivax (1.8%) were the two common Trypanosoma species in this study. The highest and the lowest prevalence of trypanosomes occurred in Guttuto Larena (35%) and Dalbo Wogane (0.00%), respectively. Age-wise prevalence revealed that young adults (45%) were the most affected, followed by old adults (35%) and adults (20%). Cattle with poor body condition scores (65%) were the most affected, followed by cattle with medium (30%) and good (5%) body condition scores, and this was found to be statistically significant (p ≤ 0.002). In addition, the variation in packed cell volume (PCV) between infected and noninfected cattle was significantly different (p ≤ 0.0001). Conclusion Thus, the present study revealed the predominance of bovine trypanosomosis in the region and had a significant effect on body condition and anemia growth. The government and public should then collaborate in parasite-observed areas on the disease's management and prevention efforts in an environmentally sustainable way.
Highlights
Trypanosomosis is the primary hemoparasitic condition caused by unicellular protozoan parasites and reproduces in the bloodstream, lymphatic vessels, and tissue, together with cardiac muscles and the central nervous system [1]
Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax were the main species identified with 3.3% and 1.8% prevalence, respectively (Table 1)
According to the sampled villages of the district, the highest prevalence was observed in Guttuto Larena (10.94%) village, and the lowest prevalence was observed in Dalbo Wogane (0.0%)
Summary
Trypanosomosis is the primary hemoparasitic condition caused by unicellular protozoan parasites and reproduces in the bloodstream, lymphatic vessels, and tissue, together with cardiac muscles and the central nervous system [1]. It is one of the greatest barriers to animal production in Africa that is likely to increase the productivity of domestic livestock [2, 3]. Twenty cattle were positive for trypanosomosis, with an overall proportion of 5.0% From this overall prevalence, Trypanosoma congolense (3.3%) and Trypanosoma vivax (1.8%) were the two common Trypanosoma species in this study. The government and public should collaborate in parasite-observed areas on the disease’s management and prevention efforts in an environmentally sustainable way
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