Abstract
Objective: To analyze prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs in patients with hypertension alone and with coexisting diseases. Methodology: A descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted in outpatient department of tertiary care hospital in south India. A total of 286 prescriptions of patients diagnosed to have hypertension with or without coexisting diseases were collected. Details of prescriptions were entered in the preformed pro forma and analyzed. Result: The study included 138 (48.25%) male and 148 (51.75%) female. Out of 286 hypertensives, 122 (42.66%) patients were having co-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). And remaining 164 patients (57.34%) were only hypertensives. Out of 286 patients, 227 (79.31%) patients were on monotherapy, 49 (17.13%) were on dual therapy and remaining 10 patients were on triple anti-hypertensive drugs. Among 150 antihypertensive drugs that are prescribed for hypertensive patients withT2DM, 57 (38%) were calcium channel blocker (CCB), 40 (26.66%) were angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), 31 (20.66%) were angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), 13 (8.66%) were diuretics and remaining 9 (6%) were beta blockers. Similarly, among 206 antihypertensive drugs prescribed for hypertension alone patients, 97 (47%) were CCB, 37 (17.96%) were ACEI, 31 (15%) were ARB, 26 (12.62%) were diuretics and remaining 15 (7.28%) were beta blockers. Conclusion: The study has shown that majority of patients were on monotherapy (79.31%) and calcium channel blockers were commonly prescribed for hypertension in patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus followed by ACE inhibitors, ARB and beta blockers.
Highlights
Hypertension (HTN) is the commonest chronic medical condition responsible for coronary artery disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease and peripheral vascular diseases. [1]Nearly 26% of adult population suffering from hypertension in worldwide. [2] About 33% of urban and 25% of rural population affected by hypertension in India
Sample size was calculated based on the average number of hypertensive patients visiting General medicine outpatient department of Yenepoya Medical College Hospital per day
Out of 286 hypertensive patients, around 227 (79.31%) patients were on single drug for hypertension
Summary
Hypertension (HTN) is the commonest chronic medical condition responsible for coronary artery disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease and peripheral vascular diseases. [1]Nearly 26% of adult population suffering from hypertension in worldwide. [2] About 33% of urban and 25% of rural population affected by hypertension in India. 26% of adult population suffering from hypertension in worldwide. According to World Health Organization, hypertension is one of the important causes for premature death in worldwide [3]. Perhaps the most important change is the new classification of “pre-hypertension” (SBP 120-139 mm Hg or DBP 80-89 mm Hg), which combines the normal and high normal categories of the previous JNC VI report, in the recognition of the fact that even these levels of BP confer an increased risk of the development of hypertension and future cardiovascular events. Β-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and calcium channel blockers (CCB) all have been shown to reduce complications of hypertension and can be used for initial management of HTN
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