Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PV modules mounted on top of a greenhouse, on the growth of strawberries and microclimate conditions as well as to estimate the generated energy. In this study, two greenhouses with the same volume were established. One greenhouse was equipped with the opaque photovoltaic (OPV) modules which accounted for 25.9% of the roof area, and the other was equipped with the semi-transparent photovoltaic (STPV) modules which accounted for 20% of the roof area. The maximum annual power generation of OPV and STPV modules was 880 and 388 kWh with 30° tilt angle, respectively, by simulating different tilt angles. The temperature under the OPV and STPV modules was 2.9 and 1.1 °C lower than the unshaded part in the greenhouses, respectively, at noon in clear weather, and had little effect on relative humidity. The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) under OPV and STPV modules was reduced by 43.5% and 31.7%, respectively, under the PE film greenhouse. The contents of soluble solids in strawberries in OPV and STPV greenhouses were 16.4 and 15.7 mg/g respectively, which were higher than those in unshaded samples. The quality and yield of the strawberry samples under the shade of OPV were better than those of the STPV shade.
Highlights
The photovoltaic (PV) modules installed on the roof of greenhouse can generate electricity, and reduce the solar radiation through the roof, and fall to the plants in the greenhouse, affecting their light, affecting crop growth [1]
The opaque photovoltaic (OPV) modules and semi-transparent photovoltaic (STPV) modules were installed on the southern roofs of the two greenhouses for the control experiment
The results showed that the annual power generation of OPV modules was 865, 880 and 816 kWh, respectively
Summary
The photovoltaic (PV) modules installed on the roof of greenhouse can generate electricity, and reduce the solar radiation through the roof, and fall to the plants in the greenhouse, affecting their light, affecting crop growth [1]. The shading of PV modules affects the solar radiation entering the greenhouse [7, 12, 13], and affects the temperature, humidity and light in the greenhouse [14,15,16,17]. Shading is an effective way to reduce light transmission [19], shading agricultural greenhouses and cooling systems in hot and sunny areas can reduce water consumption by 25%, reduce greenhouse temperature to 5-10 °C below outdoor temperature, and increase relative humidity by 15-20%. Shading reduces solar radiation by 30-50% and cooling energy consumption by 20% and 15% [20]
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