Study on Optimum Tilt Angles of Photovoltaic Shading Systems in Different Climatic Regions of China

Abstract

Photovoltaic shading systems which can act as power generators and external shading devices in buildings have been widely used in recent years. In order to obtain the optimum tilt angles of photovoltaic shading systems in China, this paper develops a simulation model for PV shading systems based on EnergyPlus. Five cities, viz. Harbin, Beijing, Changsha, Kunming, and Guangzhou, are selected as representative cities for different climatic regions in this study. The annual and monthly optimum tilt angles of PV shading systems are investigated and analyzed for maximizing electricity generation and minimizing net energy consumption. The results show that PV shading panels installed with monthly optimum tilt angles are superior to those installed with annual optimum tilt angles. Moreover, PV panels mounted in the south orientation have larger energy-saving potential than those mounted in the east and west for all climatic regions. The conclusions of this study provide a theoretical basis for PV shading systems’ design and installation.