Abstract
This study explored the application of nitrogen-doped graphene (NDG) ink to the coating of light-emitting diode (LED) lamps for the thermal management. Unlike the general solutions of graphene, the NDG ink used in this study was tuned with high electrical resistance and quietly suitable for the application of the LED lamp coating, which prevented the short circuit problem; besides, the NDG ink also provided a high heat dissipation effect to improve the performance of the LED lamp. The investigation of adhesion and resistance for the NDG ink were conducted by the cross-cut test and the four-point probe resistance measurement, respectively. Three types of LED lamps including the original lamp, fin-removed lamp, and NDG-ink coated (NGC) lamp were tested for the actual operating temperature distribution by K-type thermal couples and for the lumens by the integrating sphere. The results showed that the heat dissipation of the NGC lamp was better than that of the original lamp. In addition, the inspections for the properties of NDG powder were also performed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Raman spectroscopy. According to the inspectional results, the NDG powder had a percentage of nitrogen of about 3.8% by XPS, a surface roughness Rq of 0.9 nm by AFM, and over ten layers by Raman analysis. It showed that the NDG powder in this study belonged to the type of multi-layer graphene.
Highlights
Since its introduction in 1968, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have become the most common optoelectronic components used in the industry
The LED lamps were investigated with nitrogen-doped graphene (NDG) coatings
The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) inspection measured the surface of the sample and provided the constitution and composition of the NDG powder used in this study
Summary
Since its introduction in 1968, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have become the most common optoelectronic components used in the industry. 15 to 20% of the input power for a LED lamp is converted into light energy, and the remaining power will be transformed into heat. Due to the high temperature generated by heat dissipation, the use of LED lamps in harsh environments may endanger the safety of human lives and property. Geim and Konstantin Novoselov at the University of Manchester, the application of graphene ink for heat dissipation has often been discussed for electronic devices or components such as LED lamps, Appl. NDG ink and its application for the coating of LED lamps were studied. The NDG ink in this research was tuned with a high electrical resistance and suitable for coating the LED lamps. The cooling efficiency is discussed for LED lamps with different cooling mechanisms such as fins and NDG coating. In this study, the NDG powder was tested to verify its properties
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