Abstract
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals were grown around 65 °C. The growth rate of KDP (KH2PO4) crystal prismatic faces was measured by laser polarization interference system. The surface micro morphology of KDP crystals grown at various supersaturation were comparatively observed by atomic force microscope systematically. The results show that the growth rate increased with the rise of supersaturation, the aspect ratio reduced. The steps bunching height occurred at σ = 0.03 and 0.04. At this point, the steps height reached maximum value about 11.3~24.4 nm. The step bunching was almost constant at higher supersaturation. A few pits and holes appeared on the crystal surface at high supersaturation. In our opinion, the forming of these pits and holes might be related with the step movement and 2D nuclei mechanism.
Highlights
Crystals of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) are widely applied in laser frequency conversion, electro-optic modulation, parametric oscillation, and other fields due to their excellent electro-optical and nonlinear optical properties [1]
The aim of this paper is to study the effect of supersaturation on surface morphology, crystal growth rate and the steps evolvement at elevated temperature
The crystals growth rate, step bunching, and motion direction of elementary steps and macrosteps were all obtained in the process of crystal growth
Summary
Crystals of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) are widely applied in laser frequency conversion, electro-optic modulation, parametric oscillation, and other fields due to their excellent electro-optical and nonlinear optical properties [1]. They are used for manufacturing civil piezoelectric transducer and sonar as piezoelectric crystal materials with good performance. The KDP crystals have large nonlinear optical coefficients, d36 (1.064 μm) = 0.39 × 10−12 m/V, it can be as the reference standard for nonlinear property of other crystals They are the preferred laser frequency and switching materials currently in high-power laser systems of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) [2]. Sangwal [9] studied the behavior of growth steps on the (100)
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