Study on health status and related influencing factors in centenarians

Abstract

Objective To investigate the major connected factors in centenarians and to provide the potential directions on health promotion and management. Methods From June 2014 to December 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals aged 100 and over in Hainan province through door-to-door research by multidisciplinary team. Demographics and health information were collected, multivariate logistic regressions were implemented to analyze the related influencing factors among this population. Results A total of 943 centenarians (175 men and 768 women) were included in this study, the mean age was (102.8±2.8) years. Majority of them were being female (81.4%), illiterate (87.9%), and resident in rural place (76.6%). The prevalence of the disability and depression were 27.6% and 32.3% respectively, and approximately 22.7% of the centenarians reported their health status as poor. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and anemia were 66.3%, 9.8%, 21.2%, and 67.4%. 8.9% of them had fracture history, 39.9% of them were deficient in vitamin D, 28.0% of them suffered from severe visual impairment and the number is 31.2% for severe auditory impairment; the prevalence of renal function decline and malnutrition were 36.8% and 52.6%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression model showed that fracture, visual and hearing impairments were significantly and positively correlated with disability as well as poor self-rated health (P 0.05). Conclusion Fracture, visual and auditory impairment are the major connected factors on health status in centenarians, and may work as intervention indicators for health promotion and management in the advanced ages. Key words: Fracture; Visual impairment; Auditory impairment; Longevity; Health