Abstract
The electrochemical and spontaneous behaviour of the ferrous metals (iron, nickel, cobalt) in nitric acid depends essentially on the concentration of the acid solutions. Therefore potentiostatic investigations were conducted in a wide range of nitric acid concentrations (1 – 24 M). These metals are active and show strong dissolution in dilute nitric acid solutions. In concentrated nitric acid (14.6 M), iron and nickel are passive. Cobalt passivation occurs only in fuming nitric acid (24 M). In medium concentrations (between the concentrations in which active dissolution and passivation occur) the polarization curves of the metals are complex, showing a hysteresis cycle and exhibiting a multiplicity of steady states. Although all the metals (iron, nickel, cobalt) show some analogous characteristics, it seems that the passivating processes differ, particularly for cobalt which is poorly passivated.
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