Study on Excess Thermodynamic Parameters and Theoretical Estimation of Ultrasonic Velocity Using Scaled Particle Theory in Binary Liquid Mixtures of 2-Methyl-2-propanol and Nitriles at Different Temperatures

Abstract

Density, ρ, ultrasonic speed, u, and viscosity, η, of binary mixtures of 2-methyl-2-propanol (2M2P) with acetonitrile (AN), propionitrile (PN) and butyronitrile (BN) including those of pure liquids are measured over the entire composition range at temperatures 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15 K. From these experimental data, the excess available volume, V E a, excess free volume, V E f excess isothermal compressibility, β E T, excess thermal expansion coefficient, α E, and excess internal pressure, π E i, are calculated. The variation of these properties with composition and temperature are discussed in terms of molecular interactions between unlike molecules of the mixtures. It is found that the values of V E a, V E f, β E T, α E, and are positive and those of π E i are negative for all the mixtures at each temperature studied, indicating the presence of weak interactions between 2M2P and AN/PN/BN molecules. The variations of V E a, V E f, β E T, α E, π E i, and values with composition indicate that the interactions in these mixtures follow the order: AN<PN<BN, i.e., the 2M2P-nitrile interaction decreases with the increase of alkyl chain length in these nitrile molecules. In addition, the theoretical ultrasonic velocity is calculated using the scaled particle theory and compared with the experimental values.