Abstract
A method for analyzing the elephant-foot buckle failure of ground-supported, broad cylindrical liquid storage tanks under horizontal excitation is presented. The method is based on Sanders' nonlinear thin shell theory and an idealized fluid model. Following the ring finite element discretization in the shell and the boundary solution technique in the fluid region, the matrix equations of motion are derived. An iterative formulation for the solution of the equations is proposed in terms of pseudo-loads. The dynamic response of the tank at each iterative step can be obtained by means of the mode-superposition procedure and direct time integration method. Numerical results show that the effects of cos nθ modes due to the geometrical nonlinearity of the shell are of great significance on the axial and hoop membrane forces near the elephant-foot buckle region of the broad liquid storage tanks.
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