Abstract
Compression ignition engines used as marine engines are the most efficient internal combustion engines. They are well-established products, and millions are already on the market. Water-in-MDO (marine diesel oil) emulsions are the best alternative fuel for compression ignition engines and can be utilised with the existing setup of 2.0 L automotive common rail direct injection (CRDI) engines. They have benefits for the simultaneous reduction of both NOx and smoke (black carbon). Furthermore, they have a significant impact on the improvement of combustion efficiency. Micro-explosions are the most important phenomenon of water-in-diesel emulsions inside an internal combustion engine chamber. They affect both the emission reduction and combustion efficiency improvements directly and indirectly in accordance with the brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) and rpm. Owing to the influence of micro-emulsions on the combustion and emissions of water-in-diesel emulsion fuel, the reduction ratios of NOx and smoke in a used engine are approximately 30% and 80%, respectively. The effect of the operating parameters on micro-emulsions is presented.
Highlights
The global use of fossil fuels has been increasing owing to economic development and industrialisation, and currently fossil fuels are playing a core role in modern living
In the case of ship oil, even if the post-treatment devices [15,16,17], such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR), which is the most commonly used of the post-treatment methods, are used to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx), large amounts of smoke, sulphur oxides (SOx), and NOx are discharged in exhaust gas owing to the high content of sulphur compounds
The MDO used in this study was ship oil, and emulsified marine diesel oil (EMDO) was the water-in-oil-type emulsion fuel fabricated by mixing MDO and water at a ratio of 80:20 and by adding less than 1% of an emulsifier
Summary
The global use of fossil fuels has been increasing owing to economic development and industrialisation, and currently fossil fuels are playing a core role in modern living. In the case of ship oil, even if the post-treatment devices [15,16,17], such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR), which is the most commonly used of the post-treatment methods, are used to reduce NOx , large amounts of smoke, SOx , and NOx are discharged in exhaust gas owing to the high content of sulphur compounds. As this significantly reduces the durability of SCR, pre-treatment of the fuel is necessary. The reduction in NOx and smoke density generated during combustion and the combustion stability were analysed using the emulsion fuel and marine diesel oil (MDO) used in this study
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