Abstract
To study the cadmium accumulation characteristics of Solanum nigrum with different ploidies, the biomass, cadmium content and cadmium accumulation of diploid (Solanum photeinocarpum), tetraploid (Solanum photeinocarpum) and hexaploid (Solanum nigrum) were measured by a pot experiment. The results showed that the biomass of roots, stems, leaves and shoots of S. nigrum plants with different ploidy all ranked as follows: hexaploid > tetraploid > diploid. Cadmium content and cadmium accumulation in stems, leaves and shoots of hexaploid plants were significantly higher than those in tetraploid and diploid plants, and the cadmium translocation factor and translocation accumulation factor of hexaploid were the largest, too. Therefore, hexaploid S. nigrum had a highest ability to extract and transport cadmium, which can be used as an ideal plant for remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil.
Highlights
In recent years, due to the rapid development of industry and mining industry, as well as the unreasonable application of phosphorus fertilizer and pesticides in agriculture, the problem of heavy metal pollution in soil in China has become increasingly prominent [1,2]
Solanum nigrum is an annual herb of Solanaceae which is widely distributed in China, and as a newly discovered typical plants with excessive enrichment of cadmium [8], S. nigrum has attracted much attention because of its strong reproductive capacity, fast growth rate and large biomass, and at present, there are a series of studies on the mechanism of absorption and enrichment of heavy metal cadmium and the repairing effect of heavy metal cadmium pollution by S. nigrum [9,10]
The biomass of three ploidy palnts of S. nigrum ranked as hexaploid > tetraploid > diploid
Summary
Due to the rapid development of industry and mining industry, as well as the unreasonable application of phosphorus fertilizer and pesticides in agriculture, the problem of heavy metal pollution in soil in China has become increasingly prominent [1,2]. Faced with the increasingly serious problem of cadmium pollution, researchers have proposed many remediation technologies to purify contaminated soil [4,5,6], among them, the phytoremediation technology has become one of the most ideal approaches to solve the problem of heavy metal pollution because of its low cost, high efficiency and low side effects on the environment [7]. Previous studies have shown that polyploidy usually exhibits stronger resistance, such as drought resistance [13] and salt stress resistance [14], studies on the tolerance and accumulation ability of different ploidy plants to heavy metals has not been reported, in view of this, this paper compares the growth and cadmium-accumulation characteristics of S. nigrum with different ploidy under cadmium stress, in order to provide theoretical basis for efficient remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil by S. nigrum
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