Study on assessment of reproductive hormones in male patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

The process and viability of fertility are put at risk by diabetes mellitus, which also causes hyperglycemia. Males who experience hypogonadism or anxiety may find it difficult to feel sexually exhilarated. This study included 79 healthy controls and 158 male patients with diabetes mellitus (85) with type 1 (T1DM) and (73) with type 2 (T2DM), all of whom were between the ages of 20 and 49. Levels of reproductive hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T)), and prolactin (PRL) were all measured. The results showed notable variations in the levels of these hormones among patients of different ages. PRL levels were significantly elevated (p 0.05) in T1DM compared to T2DM in the age groups 20-29 and 30-39. Additionally, FSH and LH levels in all age groups were greatly increased in T1DM compared to T2DM, but T hormone levels were dramatically reduced in T1DM patients compared to T2DM patients. In contrast to T hormone, which showed a substantial reduction in patients with a disease duration of 11–15 years compared to a disease duration of 1–5 years, reproductive hormone levels and PRL in T1DM and T2DM patients did not differ significantly based on disease duration. Therefore, high levels of PRL hormone could increase the effect of DM, which in turn can affect the reproductive hormones due to age-related changes in hormone levels between (T1DM and T2DM) and a drop in T levels over the course of the disease.