Study on Antiviral Activities of Glycyrrhizin

Changchao Huan,Haochun Pan,Tingting Guo,Chunqin Chen,Weiyin Xu,Song Gao

doi:10.11648/j.ijbecs.20200604.11

Changchao Huan, Haochun Pan + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbecs.20200604.11

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Abstract

Licorice has been a common Chinese medicine for thousands of years, which has good medicinal value and nutritional value. Is widely apply to traditional Chinese medicine. Many studies have shown that licorice contains more than 20 triterpenoids and nearly 300 flavonoids. According to the literature, licorice has many activities such as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, and anticancer. It not only directly inactivates the virus, but also inhibits its adsorption. However, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, glycyrrhiza polysaccharide and glycyrrhiza flavonoids are the main components of licorice which possess antiviral and antimicrobial activities. Among them, glycyrrhizin has many pharmacological activities, such as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial and many other activities. This paper provides a summary of antiviral activities of glycyrrhizin. This active ingredients and possible mechanisms are summarized in detail. The results showed that glycyrrhizin was widely used in antiviral field, but its material basis and mechanism of action were not perfect and unified. A large number of literatures about glycyrrhizin anti-virus were reviewed and analyzed, and it was suggested that more different ways should be adopted to study it, so as to provide a broader theoretical basis for developing new antivirus drugs of glycyrrhizin. It is hoped that this review will be helpful to further study the potential therapeutic effect of glycyrrhizin as an antiviral drug.

Highlights

Glycyrrhizin (GL) is a triterpenoid saponin, one of the main compounds isolated from the roots of licorice
GL inhibits the production of CCL2/IL-10 by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) stimulated by R5 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and inhibits the PMN-dependent increase of R5-HIV replication in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) [7]
Huan et al reported that porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection caused release of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), and that the HMGB1 competitive inhibitor GL inhibits PEDV infection and attenuated proinflammatory responses [8]

Summary

Introduction

Glycyrrhizin (GL) is a triterpenoid saponin, one of the main compounds isolated from the roots of licorice. GL contains one molecule of glycyrre-tiic acid, with structural similarities to hydrocortisone, and two molecules of glucuronic acid. GL has been shown that several beneficial pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory activity [1], anti-tumor activity [2], anti-allergic activities [3], and antiviral activities [4]. There have been more and more research reports on the antiviral activity of GL, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), duck hepatitis Virus (DHV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

Antiviral Activities of GL and Possible Mechanisms

SARS-CoV

Recent Advances in Antiviral Activity of Glycyrrhizin

Findings

Discussion and Conclusion