Abstract
Linear scan voltammetry (LSV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and voltammetry with adsorptive accumulation (AAV) at a glassy carbon paste electrode (GCPE) based on mixing glassy carbon spherical microparticles with an organic pasting liquid were used for the determination of trace amounts of carcinogenic 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) (the limit of determination around 2.10-5 mol L-1 for LSV and 2.10-6 mol L-1 for DPV) and 1-aminopyrene (1-AP) (the limit of determination around 3.10-6 mol L-1 for LSV, 1.10-6 mol L-1 for DPV and 1.10-7 mol L-1 for AAV) using a Britton-Robinson buffer – methanol mixture as a base electrolyte. The main advantage of this new type of electrode is its full compatibility with media containing a high amount of organic solvent (methanol, acetonitrile)
Highlights
1-nitropyrene is one of the most abundant representatives of nitroaromatic compounds in the environment which has been detected in automobile exhaust, urban air, incinerators exhalations and in certain food items such as grilled meats or teas
Especially differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) at mercury [6] or carbon paste [7] electrodes satisfy even the highest demands on sensitivity required for the determination of extremely dangerous chemical carcinogens
The general procedure to obtain corresponding voltammograms was as follows: A required amount of the stock solution of the test substance in methanol was placed in a 10 ml volumetric flask, an appropriate volume of methanol was added and the system was diluted to volume with a BrittonRobinson buffer of the required pH. (A different order of mixing the solutions resulted in a precipitation of the test substance.) The solution was transferred into a voltammetric vessel, oxygen was removed from the measured solution by bubbling with nitrogen for five minutes and the voltammogram was recorded
Summary
1-nitropyrene is one of the most abundant representatives of nitroaromatic compounds in the environment which has been detected in automobile exhaust, urban air, incinerators exhalations and in certain food items such as grilled meats or teas (see reviews [1,2,3]). Especially differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) at mercury [6] or carbon paste [7] electrodes satisfy even the highest demands on sensitivity required for the determination of extremely dangerous chemical carcinogens. Their main advantage being much lower investment and running costs. Mineral oil (Fluka) and spherical glassy carbon microparticles powder 0.4-12 μm type 2 (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA) were mixed in 20:80 mass ratio for the preparation of the glassy carbon paste electrode.
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