Abstract
Introduction: Presence of variations in the course of the cervical (extracranial) part of the internal carotid artery (I.C.A.) in the form of tortuosity, kinking, coiling or looping is a rare condition. These may be attributed to embryological or acquired factors. Patients with such variations may be asymptomatic in some cases, whereas, they may develop cerebrovascular symptoms due to carotid stenosis affecting cerebral circulation. Materials and methods: The present study was performed during routine undergraduate dissection classes in total 21 human cadavers (6 females and 15 males) on bilateral sides. Results: Bilateral kinking and looping of the cervical part of the I.C.A. was found in two cadavers. Conclusions: The risk of transient ischemic attacks (TIA) in patients with carotid stenosis is high and surgical correction is indicated as a part of treatment. Further, patients having these variations are more prone to injury during radical neck dissection and other surgical operations of the neck region. Knowledge about anatomy of such variations provides a framework to review the embryogenesis of the structure and also provides insight into surgical, medical and radiological implications.
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