Study of urinary interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and urinary soluble CD 25 (sCD25) as markers of lupus nephritis and their relation to histological class

Abstract

ObjectiveTo study the role of urinary interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and urinary soluble CD 25 (sCD 25) as diagnostic and prognostic markers of lupus nephritis (LN) and their relation to the LN class in renal biopsy. Subjects and methodsThis study included 45 lupus patients fulfilling the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) classification criteria: 25 patients with active LN during activity and during follow up (3 months later) as [group A] and 20 patients without any signs of activity [group B]. (20) age and sex matched healthy subjects were enrolled as control group [group C]. Urine samples were collected at baseline and at follow up. Urinary IP-10 and sCD25 were measured by ELISA. ResultsUrinary IP-10 and sCD25 levels were higher in group A compared to groups B and C (P < 0.001 for both). In patients with active nephritis, urinary IP-10 and sCD25 correlated positively with serum creatinine (P < 0.001 for both), proteinuria (p = 0.010; p = 0.007), anti ds-DNA (p = 0.002; p < 0.001), SLEDAI score (global) (P < 0.001 for both), and renal SLEDAI score (p = 0.002; p < 0.001) respectively. The urinary IP-10 and sCD25 levels were highest in patients with class (IV) LN and lowest in class (II) patients with a statistically significant difference. In patients achieving remission with treatment, both markers decreased significantly. ConclusionUrinary IP-10 and sCD25 are potential biomarkers for early recognition and follow up of LN.