Study of two Cases of Laryngeal Chondrosarcomas: Presentation, Management, And Outcomes

Abstract

Laryngeal chondrosarcomas are rare malignant tumors arising in the cartilage of the larynx, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study presents two cases treated at Ibn Sina University Hospital in Rabat, Morocco, emphasizing clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies, and outcomes. Case 1 involved a 56-year-old chronic smoker presenting with inspiratory dyspnea, leading to total laryngectomy. Histopathology confirmed low-grade chondrosarcoma. Case 2 featured a 67-year-old chronic smoker with dysphonia, leading to total laryngectomy with adjuvant radiotherapy for a moderately differentiated chondrosarcoma. Imaging, endoscopy, and histopathology played crucial roles in diagnosis. The discussion outlines the rarity of laryngeal chondrosarcomas, their typical clinical manifestations, and the importance of imaging and histopathology in confirming the diagnosis. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, with considerations for partial surgery in specific cases. Radiotherapy is limited, while chemotherapy has no curative role. Prognosis correlates with histological grade and the completeness of surgical resection, with a five-year survival rate ranging from 79% to 90%. Recurrences and metastases are infrequent after complete surgery. In conclusion, a multidisciplinary approach involving oncologists, surgeons, and radiotherapists is crucial for tailored management, ensuring optimal outcomes and quality of life for laryngeal chondrosarcoma patients.