Study of trophic interactions of green mussels (Perna viridis) as bioremediation of waste for cultivation of windu shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Gampong Alue Naga, Banda Aceh: application of IMTA system (Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture)

Abstract

Residual organic matter from the cultivation of Windu Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) can cause a decrease in the quality of cultured water. This study aims to examine the trophic interactions of Windu Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and Green mussels (Perna viridis) in a polyculture system including observing growth performance, survival rate and bioremediation level of green mussels. This research was conducted in April – September 2022 in Gampong Alue Naga, Banda Aceh. Sample biota was Windu Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) (PL20) with an average length of 1.2 cm, and green mussels (Perna viridis) obtained from nature with a shell size range of 3 cm – 5 cm. Research on species composition per container volume in a polyculture system used a completely randomized design method with 4 treatment levels and 3 replications. The treatments in this study were differences in stocking density of green mussels A (0 ind/m2), B (20 ind/m2), C (40 ind/m2), and D (60 ind/m2). In this study, the number of windu stocked was the same, namely 60 fish/container with a container size of 1x1 meter. The results showed that the difference in stocking density of green mussels had a significant effect (p<0.05) on absolute growth and survival rate of Windu shrimp but had no significant effect on absolute weight and daily growth rate of Windu shrimp (p>0.05). The average daily growth rate (SGR) ranges from 10.54% - 11.98%. The lowest survival rate value was found in treatment B, which was 26.11±10.04 and the highest survival rate value is found in treatment C of 73.33±26.6. The best treatment in this study was the stocking density of green mussels of 40 ind/m2. Green mussel filtration rate ranged from 0.6 to 1.7 L/day. Application of multispecies cultivation system (polyculture) is better than monoculture system based on growth performance and filtration rate of green mussels (Perna viridis).