Study of the water regime dynamics of cherry in the summer period

Zoya Ozherelieva,Anna Lyakhova,S Knyazev,O Panfilova,V Kukhar,M Tsoy,O Loretts

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202125402001

Abstract

The research was carried out on the basis of the VNIISPK Laboratory of Fruit Plant Resistance Physiology in 2019-2020. The research object was the Novella cherry variety on the clonal rootstocks of the institute selection. The purpose of this research is to study the dynamics of the water regime of the Novella variety on clonal rootstocks and to identify the most adapted scion-rootstock cherry combinations. A strong relationship was determined between the cherry leaves hydration and the average daily air temperature (r = 0.99). During the ripening period of the fruits of the Novella variety scion-rootstock combinations, the maximum decrease in the total water in the leaves was recorded. The water content decreased as the age of the leaves increased. The decrease in water content in the Novella scion-rootstock combinations was accompanied by an increase in the dry matter content in the leaf tissues. There was a strong relationship between the dry matter accumulation in the leaves and the average daily air temperature (r = -0.99). The water deficit in the leaves depended on the hydrothermal regime of the summer period. Correlation (r = 0.76) between the leaves water deficit and the average daily air temperature, the amount of precipitation (r = -0.77) and the HTC (r = -0.83). The highest water deficiency indicator in leaves was found during shoots growth and formation of the leaf apparatus in the Novella variety on clonal rootstocks. The conducted studies allowed to identify adapted scion-rootstock combinations of Novella/Rubin, V-2-180, 74340, 74336, 74332, which, against the background of water content decrease and dry matter accumulation were characterized by the lowest water deficit of leaves in the summer.

Highlights

Water and temperature stresses are the main limiting factors in crop production worldwide [1,2,3,4]
Water exchange of fruit plants was studied in the works [16, 17], in which the most significant water regime indicators are noted: water content, water deficit, water retention capacity and water content restoration
We found that during the ripening of the scion-rootstock combinations fruits, there was more dramatic decrease in the total water in the leaves than in other phases of cherry development

Summary

Introduction

Water and temperature stresses are the main limiting factors in crop production worldwide [1,2,3,4]. Varieties of fruit crops differ in their resistance to drought and high temperatures. Under the influence of drought and high temperatures, the total leaf surface decreases, the leaves turn yellow and fall off prematurely, burns and necrotic spots appear, ovaries and fruits fall off, the growth of shoots stops early [6,7,8,9,10,11], the growth of the root system is inhibited, which leads to yield decrease by 15-30 %. Low water availability and abnormally high temperatures cause changes in plant metabolism and lead to water exchange violation in plants [12]. The lack of water affects productivity, taste of fruits, and wood density [13]

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