Study of the underwater soundscape in coastal waters of Hsinta Power Plant

Abstract

This study investigates the acoustic environment surrounding the Hsinta power plant, situated in the southwest coastal waters of Taiwan, in proximity to Xingda Port, Yongan Port, Yongan Liquefied Natural Gas Plant, and an artificial reef area via passive acoustics monitoring (PAM) and Automatic Identification System (AIS). Shipping noise (including 45% fishing boats, 20.8% large ships, and 6% tug) generated by inbound and outbound ships significantly affects areas within a range of 2 to 10 km from the study site. Notably, mechanical signals at 60 and 120 Hz, not originating from PAM, have been observed, likely attributed to the Hsinta power plant. Moreover, a distinct series of periodic biological signals within the frequency range of 500 to 800 Hz is consistently recorded near the artificial reef area between 8 p.m. and 10 p.m. Assessing the impact of local ship noise by comparing ambient noise levels below the 100 Hz band before and after the coal shipping seasons (April to September), revealing a difference of 5 to 10 dB. These findings provide valuable insights into the acoustic characteristics of the study area, emphasizing the importance of understanding soundscape dynamics amidst industrial activities and maritime traffic. [Work supported in part by the National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan under Grant NSTC 112-2222-E-130-002-.]