Abstract
AbstractThe tribological behaviour of a rare earth naphthenate (REN) as a lubricant oil additive in VG26 white oil and the complexes of REN and organo‐sulphur or organo‐phosphate compounds have been evaluated with a four‐ball friction and wear tester. The chemical features and elemental composition of the boundary lubricating film were examined by means of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X‐ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS). The results show that REN exhibits good antiwear, load‐carrying, and friction‐reducing properties in the base stock. When 2.0% REN is added, the wear‐scar diameter value reduces to 54.7% of that for the base stock alone and the maximum non‐seizure load increases 2.95 times. A synergistic effect is found for the load‐carrying capability of the complex of REN and organo‐sulphur while poor compatibility is exhibited for the complex of REN and organo‐phosphate. The analytical results of AES and XPS indicate that the good performance of REN is attributable to the formation of a boundary lubricating film mainly composed of naphthenic acid, rare earth oxide, and complexes of rare earth metals, which is formed on a rubbed surface when lubricated by oil containing the REN additive.
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