Study of the soil respiration and evaporation of ten soybean varieties in the field conditions from SCDA Turda

Abstract

study of the soil respiration and evaporation of ten soybean varieties in the field conditions from SCDA Turda Zamfira DINCA‚ 1 , Roxana VIDICAN 1* and Mignon șandor 2 1 Department of Plant Crop, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj Napoca, Romania 2 Department of Environment and Plant Protection, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj Napoca, Romania * Corresponding author, e-mail: roxana.vidican@usamvcluj.ro Keywords: Glycine max ( L.) Merr ., soil respiration, soil evaporation Introduction: Soil respiration is an important component of the carbon dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems. Many factors exert controls on soil respiration, including temperature, soil water content, organic matter, soil texture, and plant root activity (Parkin, 2005). Moreover, vegetation type influences the rate of soil respiration (Raich, 1999) and symbiotic association between legumes roots and rhizobial bacteria can cause a considerable increase of soil respiration. Aims: The present study aims to determine the soil respiration and evaporation of 10 soybean genotypes in the same experimental conditions, fertilization and treatments applied. Materials and Methods: The experience was located of the clay-alluvial ferozium vertic soil from SCDA Turda. The experimental design was organized by randomized block method with 10 variants, in three repetitions and the biological material was represented by 10 varieties of soybean created at SCDA Turda. Measuring of the soil respiration and evaporation was performed using closed dynamic system CIRAS 2 (PP System, USA) in July 2013. Results: The soil respiration values of soybean genotypes register insignificant differences, only one genotype (Onyx) recorded values of 2.44 g/m2/h, wich is found significantly negative compared to controls. The same situation is observed regarding soil evaporation, only one variety (Eugen) recorder values of 0,65 g/m 2 /h, wich is found significantly positive compared to controls. Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study revealed that soil respiration and evaporation shows values ​​that are found insignificant in 8 of the 10 genotypes studied, only varieties Onyx and Eugen recorded significant values ​​of the indicators studied.