Abstract
This research aims to study the salinity and pH dilution pattern of discharged brine of the Konarak desalination plant into the Chabahar bay, their relation on coastal environment, and type of its brine discharge. Due to the shallow water depth of the coast and type of brine discharge, evaluating the salinity and pH was done with a sampling of surface seawater. The type of brine disposal is a direct surface discharge of negatively buoyant flow in the coastal environment of Chabahar bay. The brine discharge mechanism is a shore-attached surface jet, which is most likely influenced by the cross-flow deflection, dynamic shoreline interaction, and more minor by bottom attachment factors. The laboratory simulations using actual brine and seawater and either satellite pictures support the finding dilution pattern. The zone of initial dilution is under 50 m which, in the long run, can affect the quality of water of intake seawater pool of the plant.
Highlights
Due to the current lifestyle, the scarcity of freshwater resources has emerged as a global crisis, and for overcoming it, desalination of seawater is a suitable solution (ElEmam et al 2014, Yusefi et al 2021)
The team monitored a site near the Chabahar Maritime University (CMU) for relatively long periods to record changes in salinity, pH, and temperature of seawater
The results show that the mean salinity and pH are 37.9 ± 1.3 and 7.8 ± 0.4, respectively
Summary
Due to the current lifestyle, the scarcity of freshwater resources has emerged as a global crisis, and for overcoming it, desalination of seawater is a suitable solution (ElEmam et al 2014, Yusefi et al 2021). The global climate changes, earth warming, reducing rainfall, and increasing water consumption are the main reasons for water scarcity (Mehdizadeh 2006). Surface water discharge is the most common brine disposal method It involves the disposal of brine from the desalination plant to an open water body such as a bay, tidal lake, brackish canal, or ocean. Surface water discharge methods with imposing related limitations and potential environmental impacts are classified as: (1) direct surface discharge, (2) discharge through existing wastewater treatment plant outfall, and (3) co-disposal with cooling water of existing power plant (Hoepner 1999; Hoepner et al 1996; Rhodes 2006; Mavukkandy et al 2019). The most appropriate location for a desalination plant’s surface outfall discharge is included: an area devoid of endangered species and stressed aquatic habitats, having powerful underwater
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