Abstract
Interleukin 8 (IL-8) participates in the immune response and has the function of inducing neutrophils to release lysosomal enzymes and eliminate pathogens. This study was to investigate the effect of single nucleotide mutations in the IL-8 gene promoter region on the coccidiosis resistance index. In this study, 180 infected Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) Jinghai yellow chickens were used as experimental samples. DNA sequencing technology was used to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-8 gene promoter region. The association between these SNPs and coccidiosis resistance indexes (including superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)) were analyzed. Three SNPs (T-550C, G-398T, and T-360C) were detected. Significant associations were found between each genotype at the T-550C site with NO (p-value = 0.006) and IL-8 (p-value = 0.034) indexes. Significant associations were found between each genotype at the G-398T site with SOD (p-value = 0.042), CAT (p-value = 0.049), NO (p-value = 0.008), and IL-2 (p-value = 0.044) indexes. Significant associations were found between each genotype at the T-360C site with SOD (p-value = 0.007), NO (p-value = 0.046), IL-2 (p-value = 0.041), IL-8 (p-value = 0.039), and IFN-γ (p-value = 0.042) indexes. Haplotype analysis showed that multiple indexes of the H1H3 haplotype combination were significantly higher than other haplotype combinations. Therefore, mutation of the IL-8 gene promoter region has a significant regulatory effect on the coccidiosis resistance index, with a change in transcription factor binding potentially altering IL-8 gene expression, thereby further affecting the IL-8 level in plasma. However, the specific mechanism needs further study.
Highlights
Coccidiosis is a very serious intestinal disease caused by protozoan parasites, which can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, blood loss, increased susceptibility to other disease factors, reduced animal production performance, and massive economic losses to the poultry industry [1,2]
Sites in the Interleukin 8 (IL-8) Gene Promoter by mutation in this region can Factor change the original transcription factorRegion binding sites and associated transcription factors, thereby expression of traits related to the gene
Iftothethe binding transcription factor binding site is a sequence recognized and bound by a transcription factor, it will have an important influence on the binding of transcription factors to regulatory sequences withexpression the transcription process regulated by the interaction between the in two
Summary
Coccidiosis is a very serious intestinal disease caused by protozoan parasites, which can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, blood loss, increased susceptibility to other disease factors, reduced animal production performance, and massive economic losses to the poultry industry [1,2].Chickens are susceptible to Eimeria, with Eimeria tenella, which is parasitic in the cecum, being one of the most pathogenic species. Coccidiosis is a very serious intestinal disease caused by protozoan parasites, which can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, blood loss, increased susceptibility to other disease factors, reduced animal production performance, and massive economic losses to the poultry industry [1,2]. Anticoccidial drugs and vaccination can cause risks, such as drug residues, drug resistance, and strain variation [7,8]. Studying the genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with coccidia at the molecular level and applying the results to breeding new strains resistant to coccidiosis are effective ways to solve this problem. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) is a chemotactic cytokine that induces neutrophils to release lysosomal enzymes, clears pathogens, and participates in immune responses, stimulating immune cell resistance [9,10,11]. Yu et al [1]
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